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Government Quantum Initiatives: National Programs & Policy

Government quantum news: National Quantum Initiative, quantum policy, EU Quantum Flagship, China quantum. Quantum regulation & programs.

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Governments worldwide recognize quantum technologies as strategic priorities. India's National Quantum Mission (NQM), approved on 19 April 2023, represents a comprehensive framework with ₹6,003.65 crore allocation for eight years.

India's National Quantum Mission Structure

Thematic Hubs (T-Hubs) under NQM: Quantum Computing: Foundation for QC Innovation at IISc Bengaluru (lead), with partners including IIT Delhi, IIT Bombay, TIFR Mumbai, and others; Quantum Communication: IITM C-DOT Samgnya Technologies Foundation at IIT Madras with C-DOT Delhi; Quantum Sensing & Metrology: Qmet Tech Foundation at IIT Bombay; Quantum Materials & Devices: QMD Foundation at IIT Delhi.

Key NQM Deliverables: Intermediate-scale quantum computers with 50-1000 physical qubits in 8 years; satellite-based secure quantum communications over 2000 km; inter-city quantum key distribution over 2000 km; multi-node quantum networks with quantum memories; magnetometers with high sensitivity and atomic clocks for precision timing; quantum materials including superconductors and novel semiconductor structures.

Supporting Infrastructure

Quantum fabrication facilities at IISc Bengaluru (₹720 crore total investment); quantum fabrication facilities at IIT Bombay; smaller facilities at IIT Delhi and IIT Kanpur; dilution refrigeration laboratories at TIFR Mumbai, IISc Bengaluru, and TIFR Hyderabad.

Other Government Programs: DRDO Young Scientists Laboratory for Quantum Technologies (DYSL-QT) at DIAT Pune; Centre for Excellence in Quantum Technology (CEQT) at IISc Bengaluru (MeitY supported); Centre for Quantum Information, Communication and Computing (CQuICC) at IIT Madras; ISRO space-based quantum communication initiatives.

The Pauli Probability Spectrum Carries the Pure-State Quantum Fisher Metricquantum-computing

The Pauli Probability Spectrum Carries the Pure-State Quantum Fisher Metric

--> Quantum Physics arXiv:2608.21437 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 17 Aug 2026] Title:The Pauli Probability Spectrum Carries the Pure-State Quantum Fisher Metric Authors:E. A. Ramirez Trino, M. A. Rajabpour View a PDF of the paper titled The Pauli Probability Spectrum Carries the Pure-State Quantum Fisher Metric, by E. A. Ramirez Trino and M. A. Rajabpour View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Stabilizer Rényi entropies compress the distribution of squared Pauli expectation values of a pure quantum state into scalar measures of nonstabilizerness. Here we show that, before this compression, the distribution has a remarkably simple information-geometric structure. For any smooth pure-state family of $N$ qubits, its classical Fisher information matrix is exactly twice the quantum Fisher information matrix of the state at every regular point. This information can be accessed directly: by preparing the state together with its complex conjugate and performing pairwise Bell measurements between corresponding qubits, one samples the same Pauli distribution and saturates the quantum Fisher information matrix of the conjugate pair. The readout is fixed and does not depend on the number of estimated parameters or on the particular pure-state sensing model. We show that the origin of this result is more general than Pauli algebra: conjugation identifies the doubled pure state with the vectorized density operator, whose coordinates are real in any Hermitian Hilbert--Schmidt operator basis. The situation changes for mixed states, for which the Bell probabilities no longer coincide with normalized squared Pauli expectation values and the same fixed readout is generally not optimal. We derive an exact positive-semidefinite expression for the missing Fisher information, identifying the components of the state variation that are invisible to Bell sampling. Our results reveal a direct connection between stabilizer Rényi statistics, quantum-state geometry, and fixed multiparameter readout. C

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Asymptotic entanglement in circle stabilizer states and states forbidding arbitrary vertex-minorsquantum-computing

Asymptotic entanglement in circle stabilizer states and states forbidding arbitrary vertex-minors

--> Quantum Physics arXiv:2608.21526 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 21 Aug 2026] Title:Asymptotic entanglement in circle stabilizer states and states forbidding arbitrary vertex-minors Authors:Kenneth Goodenough, Marcelo Sales View a PDF of the paper titled Asymptotic entanglement in circle stabilizer states and states forbidding arbitrary vertex-minors, by Kenneth Goodenough and 1 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Stabilizer states play a central role in quantum information theory, and understanding their entanglement has motivated a large body of work. A well-studied question in particular is when a stabilizer state $|\psi\rangle$ can be transformed into another stabilizer state $|\phi\rangle$ using only single-qubit Clifford operations and Pauli measurements. If this is possible, we say that $|\phi\rangle$ is a vertex-minor of $|\psi\rangle$. Assuming Geelen's weak structural conjecture on vertex-minors, we establish the following general statement. For any fixed stabilizer state $|\phi\rangle$, the entanglement in stabilizer states $|\psi\rangle$ that do not contain $|\phi\rangle$ as a vertex-minor is asymptotically constrained. More concretely, we show that the distance of any sufficiently rank-connected $|\psi\rangle$ not containing $|\phi\rangle$ as a vertex-minor grows as $O(\log n)$, and prove similar results for the so-called locally accessible information, a quantity that captures the amount of information that can be learned through single-qubit Pauli measurements. Our results rely on (i) connecting the above two entanglement measures to rank functions of multimatroids, (ii) connecting the rank functions of circle stabilizer states to rank functions on $4$-regular multigraphs, which asymptotically constrains the entanglement of circle stabilizer states, and (iii) using Geelen's weak structural conjecture on vertex-minors to `lift' the previous result to sufficiently connected states in proper vertex-minor-closed families of stabilizer states.

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Scalable Quantum Key Distribution via GHZ Entanglement and Qubit Reusequantum-computing

Scalable Quantum Key Distribution via GHZ Entanglement and Qubit Reuse

--> Quantum Physics arXiv:2608.21667 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 21 Aug 2026] Title:Scalable Quantum Key Distribution via GHZ Entanglement and Qubit Reuse Authors:Tasdiqul Islam, Rasman Mubtasim Swargo, Engin Arslan, Md Arifuzzaman View a PDF of the paper titled Scalable Quantum Key Distribution via GHZ Entanglement and Qubit Reuse, by Tasdiqul Islam and 2 other authors View PDF Abstract:Conventional Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) requires the transmission of qubits proportional to or exceeding the length of the key, as protocols such as BB84 transmit more qubits than the final key size due to basis sifting and privacy amplification. Since quantum networks are still in their infancy and have limited capacity, this overhead puts significant pressure on network resources. To address this issue, we propose a Multi-Qubit Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger (GHZ) State-based QKD scheme that reduces the number of qubits transmitted over the quantum channel. The proposed method transmits one GHZ qubit between endpoints and reuses the resulting entanglement to convey multiple classical key bits with the help of Quantum Non-Demolition (QND) measurements. Under the stated assumptions on authenticated classical communication, local reset verification, and bounded-error QND discrimination, one can transfer $L$ classical bits by generating an (L+1)-qubit GHZ state and transferring one qubit to the remote party. We verify correctness using the NetSquid quantum network simulator: the protocol achieves 100\% raw-key fidelity for keys of length up to 12 bits under both ideal conditions and depolarizing noise up to p = 0.005 per round. We further show that the proposed QKD algorithm can be extended to multi-party QKD and server-client deployment. The proposed scheme offers a transmitted-qubit-efficient, noise-tolerant alternative for bandwidth-limited quantum networks. Comments: Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Cryptography and Security (cs.CR); Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.N

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Researchers bypass complexity limits in quantum learningquantum-computing

Researchers bypass complexity limits in quantum learning

Researchers at Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Sciences have developed a new method for learning continuous quantum dynamical trajectories, a challenge that has limited understanding of complex quantum systems. Published on August 24, 2026, in Quantum Science and Technology, their work introduces physics-informed kernel ridge regression, which doubles the information gained from each quantum simulation. The team acknowledges a current obstacle to wider adoption: the data supporting the study is not yet publicly available due to a lack of a suitable data repository in the field. This new framework promises to compress complex quantum dynamics into classical predictive models, bridging quantum simulation and machine learning. Physics-Informed Kernels Bypass Query Complexity in Quantum Dynamics A new approach to learning quantum dynamics reduces the number of required quantum computer queries by encoding physical laws directly into machine learning algorithms. Conventional models treat quantum observables as generic time series, demanding an impractical number of samples to accurately capture rapid quantum fluctuations. The researchers first defined a theoretical lower bound; any learning protocol measuring independent copies without quantum memory requires at least Ω(T/ε^2) oracle queries, revealing a quadratic penalty that makes dense sampling impossible. To overcome this, they introduced physics-informed kernel ridge regression, or PI-KRR, which integrates the Heisenberg equation as a differentiable constraint within the learning process. This framework, when combined with classical shadow tomography, simultaneously reconstructs trajectories for multiple local observables, with measurement overhead scaling at only O( log M). The team also demonstrated robustness against errors common in near-term intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices; isolated measurement outliers are suppressed as 1/sqrt(m) with a training siz

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Researchers Link Quantum Learnability to System Size Scalingquantum-computing

Researchers Link Quantum Learnability to System Size Scaling

Understanding how observers learn about conserved quantum properties in complex systems presents an ongoing challenge for physicists. A theoretical framework now describes this learning process within monitored quantum systems possessing SU symmetry; it specifically addresses non-Abelian charges such as SU spins. Transitions marking both entanglement growth and ‘spin sharpening’ occur simultaneously at a single transition point. A new theoretical description explains how observers determine complex quantum properties called SU spins in monitored systems. This framework addresses difficulties in inferring information when conventional methods fail due to inherent complexities within these quantum states, establishing links between ‘spin sharpening’, where the quantum state becomes more defined, and entanglement growth as simultaneous events. The University of Geneva has developed a new theoretical framework to understand how observers can determine complex quantum properties in monitored systems, focusing on SU spins, a type of non-Abelian charge differing from simpler measurements because describing an object’s orientation requires tracking multiple angles without simple addition rules. Researchers found this behaviour is linked to what they call a diffusive background sector which can be visualised like heat spreading through metal: energy disperses evenly rather than travelling directly. Analysing entangled quantum states via replica symmetry breaking and loop interactions A replica loop model dissects monitored quantum systems, effectively creating multiple copies or “replicas” to simplify complex entanglement calculations. Replicating the quantum state enables study of interactions between replicas as if they were independent statistical mechanics particles, allowing more tractable analysis than directly tackling the original many-body problem. This approach transforms understanding non-Abelian charges, describing an object’s orientation using angles that don’t

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All entangled qubits of a certain type can steer, study findsquantum-computing

All entangled qubits of a certain type can steer, study finds

Yu-Xuan Zhang of Nankai University and Jing-Ling Chen have proven that every entangled rank-2 two-qubit state is EPR steerable. This resolves a long-standing question of how entanglement and EPR steering relate for rank-2 two-qubit states, building on Gisin’s theorem which established a link for pure states. The researchers used a local-unitary parametrization of rank-2 two-qubit states and a state-dependent nonlinear steering inequality in their proof, establishing these states as certifiable resources for quantum information technologies. Rank-2 Two-Qubit States are Universally EPR Steerable This result extends Gisin’s theorem, which previously linked pure-state entanglement to Bell nonlocality, by proving a similar connection for a broader class of quantum states, specifically those with a rank of two. EPR steering describes a quantum phenomenon where one party, through local measurements, can seemingly prepare the state of another entangled particle, a concept central to quantum communication and computation. The ability to reliably generate and verify steerable states is crucial for applications like quantum teleportation and quantum key distribution, where secure information transfer depends on the unique properties of entangled particles. The researchers highlight the practical implications of their findings in their published work. The team’s work builds on decades of research into quantum nonlocality, beginning with the 1935 EPR paradox and Bell’s theorem in 1964, which further developed the EPR paradox and laid the groundwork for understanding the fundamental differences between quantum mechanics and classical physics. Prior investigations established a hierarchy of quantum nonlocality, with Bell nonlocality being the strongest form, EPR steering intermediate, and entanglement the most general. However, the precise relationship between these forms, particularly for rank-2 two-qubit states, remained an open question until now. In 1989, Werner demonstrated t

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Quantum Computing Stocks IonQ, Rigetti Computing, and D-Wave Quantum Have Put Wall Street on Notice With This $863 Million Warningquantum-computing

Quantum Computing Stocks IonQ, Rigetti Computing, and D-Wave Quantum Have Put Wall Street on Notice With This $863 Million Warning

Although artificial intelligence has been driving Wall Street's bull market for almost four years, it's not the only game-changing trend that's capturing the attention and capital of investors. The quantum computing revolution is a potential trillion-dollar addressable market and is exciting investors. As of October 2025, several pure-play quantum computing stocks were delivering breakneck trailing 12-month (TTM) returns. IonQ (IONQ +8.02%), Rigetti Computing (RGTI +11.48%), and D-Wave Quantum (QBTS +8.46%) gained as much 6,200% over the trailing year. Investors who had the wherewithal to put their capital to work in these pure-play companies have been handsomely rewarded. Image source: Getty Images. But things may not be as perfect as the eye-popping two-year gains in quantum computing stocks suggest. Based on the actions of those who know IonQ, Rigetti, and D-Wave best, a worrisome message has been sent to Wall Street. Insiders at IonQ, Rigetti, and D-Wave have put Wall Street on notice Even though dozens of analysts closely monitor these pure-play quantum computing stocks, no one understands the nuts and bolts of these companies better than their insiders. An "insider" is a high-ranking executive, board member, or beneficial owner of at least 10% of a company's outstanding shares who may possess non-public information. Typically, insiders are a public company's biggest cheerleaders. But sometimes their actions speak louder than words. Securities law requires that insiders report any purchases or sales in their company's stock (including option exercises) via Form 4 within two business days. This also allows everyday investors to track whether insiders have been buyers or sellers of their company's stock. ExpandNYSE: IONQIonQToday's Change(8.02%) $3.33Current Price$44.86Key Data Points*:nth-last-child(-n+2)]:border-b-0">Market Cap$18BMarket cap calculated using publicly traded shares outstanding only. Does not include unlisted, private, or dual-class non-traded sh

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Clifford-efficient sparse state preparation for molecular wavefunctionsquantum-computing

Clifford-efficient sparse state preparation for molecular wavefunctions

--> Quantum Physics arXiv:2608.20593 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 20 Aug 2026] Title:Clifford-efficient sparse state preparation for molecular wavefunctions Authors:Yingrong Chen, Nathan A. Baker, Rushi Gong, Conrad S.N. Johnston, Brad Lackey, Hongbin Liu, Sasha Schmidt, Yuan Su, David B. Williams-Young, Yinuo Yang View a PDF of the paper titled Clifford-efficient sparse state preparation for molecular wavefunctions, by Yingrong Chen and 8 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Sparse quantum state preparation concerns an $n$-qubit target state that is a superposition of only $d \ll 2^n$ computational basis states. Existing approaches exploit this sparsity by compressing these $d$ basis states and their amplitudes onto a smaller set of qubits, called the dense register, before expanding the prepared state to the full register. Rather than relying on the permutation-based compression used in prior work, we exploit affine relationships among the binary configurations over the finite field $\operatorname{GF}(2)$ to reduce both the non-Clifford gate count and the ancillary qubit count. Invertible affine transformations over $\operatorname{GF}(2)$, comprising Gaussian elimination and all-ones-row removal, first reduce the dense register from $n$ to the rank $r$ using only Clifford gates and no ancillary qubits. An optional binary encoding stage then trades additional Toffoli gates and ancillary qubits for further compression to the minimum $\lceil\log_2 d\rceil$ dense qubits needed to represent $d$ distinct configurations. For chemically relevant wavefunctions, such as those obtained from selected configuration interaction calculations, shared electronic excitation patterns produce many of these affine relationships, enabling substantial Clifford-only compression before binary encoding. Across the molecular benchmarks, our method requires the fewest ancillary qubits among the evaluated sparse state preparation methods while maintaining comparable non-Clifford ga

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Brookhaven Lab and Stony Brook send quantum data through the airquantum-computing

Brookhaven Lab and Stony Brook send quantum data through the air

Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University have achieved the first U.S. demonstration of quantum data transmitted through open air, extending the reach of the nation’s longest quantum network beyond fiber-optic cable limitations. During a demonstration on Friday, Aug. 21, scientists successfully sent light particles carrying quantum information 13 miles between the Stony Brook University’s Quantum Watchtower and Brookhaven’s Quantum Lighthouse, a rooftop facility built for this purpose. “The future of quantum information science will depend not only on what individual quantum computers and devices can do but on our ability to connect them,” said DOE Under Secretary for Science Darío Gil. This free-space optical link adds a wireless component to the network already connecting eight nodes. Free-Space Optical Link Bridges Brookhaven and Stony Brook Brookhaven National Laboratory’s Quantum Lighthouse, a dedicated rooftop facility, served as the receiving point for the first U.S. demonstration. Realized in collaboration with Stony Brook University, this achievement bypasses the limitations inherent in fiber-optic cable networks by utilizing a free-space optical link stretching 13 miles between the two institutions. 21, showcasing the precision required to maintain quantum states across such a distance. The newly established wireless component relies on an intricate system of optics and controls, integrating quantum sources and detectors across the 21-kilometer span. Justine Haupt, Brookhaven Lab’s lead scientist on the project, explained the challenges, stating, “We needed to integrate the optics, controls, communications, quantum sources, and detectors so equipment 21 kilometers apart could operate as one experiment.” This integration was crucial for maintaining the delicate quantum states of the photons as they traversed the open air, a feat complicated by atmospheric turbulence. The team drew upon expertise typically used in astronomy to

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London cluster backs early-stage quantum health innovationquantum-computing

London cluster backs early-stage quantum health innovation

Researchers seeking seed funding to explore quantum technologies in healthcare have a limited time to submit proposals. The London Quantum Cluster will accept applications until Monday, August 24 at 4pm, supporting proof-of-principle research, prototype development, and cross-disciplinary workshops. This funding aims to stimulate new collaborations and accelerate promising ideas, with particular encouragement for applications from Early Career Researchers; most awards are expected to be less than £8,000. Projects should be focused, achievable, and demonstrate clear potential for future development beyond the initial funding period. London Quantum Cluster Seed Funding for Healthcare Projects The London Quantum Cluster is prioritizing projects that actively cultivate partnerships, with funding available for initiatives designed to bridge quantum technologies, healthcare, and industry. Beyond funding research, the cluster aims to support the training and development of Early Career Researchers, recognizing their crucial role in advancing quantum healthcare innovation, London Quantum Cluster says. Eligible activities extend beyond theoretical work to include the development of demonstrators and prototypes, as well as cross-disciplinary workshops intended to foster collaboration. Researchers at all career stages, from PhD students to professors, are encouraged to apply, alongside universities, businesses, and healthcare organizations. Projects are expected to align with the London Quantum Cluster’s objectives, and applications will be assessed on quality, feasibility, and value for money, alongside consideration of equality, diversity, and inclusion. According to the funding guidelines, “Applications will be reviewed independently by a panel of three reviewers,” and additional weight will be given to proposals demonstrating a clear route to future funding and effective engagement with end users. Source: https://www.londonquantumcluster.uk/events/apply-for-london-quantum-

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Brookhaven And Stony Brook Researchers Demonstrate ‘Wireless’ Capability for Quantum Networkquantum-computing

Brookhaven And Stony Brook Researchers Demonstrate ‘Wireless’ Capability for Quantum Network

Insider Brief PRESS RELEASE — Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and the State University of New York at Stony Brook (Stony Brook University) have successfully transmitted light particles containing quantum information through open air between the two institutions. This is the first demonstration of its kind in the United […]

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What Does a D-Wave Quantum Insider's Sale of 23,850 Shares Mean for Investors?quantum-computing

What Does a D-Wave Quantum Insider's Sale of 23,850 Shares Mean for Investors?

Sophie C. Ames, Chief Human Resources Officer of D-Wave Quantum Inc. (QBTS +8.46%), disposed of 23,850 shares of common stock on August 17, 2026 according to a recent SEC Form 4 filing.Transaction summaryMetricValueTransaction value~$504,905Shares sold23,850Post-transaction shares (directly held)565,159Post-transaction value$11.79 millionTransaction value based on SEC Form 4 weighted average sale price ($21.17); post-transaction value based on August 17, 2026 market close ($20.87).Key questionsWhat prompted this disposition of shares?The disposal was a non-discretionary transaction executed to satisfy tax obligations upon the vesting of restricted stock units (RSUs) and does not reflect a change in the insider's investment outlook.What is the current status of the executive's equity position?Following this transaction, the executive maintains a direct position of 565,159 shares, which includes 536,144 unvested restricted stock units.How has the stock performed relative to this transaction?Shares were priced at $21.17 during this transaction, while the company has realized a 23% one-year return as of the August 17, 2026 market close.What is the company's current financial profile?D-Wave Quantum has a market cap of $7.7 billion and reported trailing twelve-month revenue of $12.4 million, with total insider ownership standing at 0.15%.Company OverviewMetricValueShare Price (as of market close 2026-08-17)$20.87Market Capitalization$7.7 billionRevenue (TTM)$12.4 millionNet Income (TTM)-$248.7 millionCompany SnapshotD-Wave Quantum Inc. develops and supplies quantum computing systems, software, and related services, including its flagship Advantage quantum computer, the Ocean open-source programming toolkit, and Leap, a cloud-based platform for real-time quantum computing access.The company generates revenue through licensing quantum computing systems, providing cloud-based quantum computing services via its Leap platform, offering professional services and consulting for

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Rigetti Computing's COO Sells Over 9,000 Company Shares. What Does That Mean for Investors?quantum-computing

Rigetti Computing's COO Sells Over 9,000 Company Shares. What Does That Mean for Investors?

David Rivas, Chief Operating Officer of Rigetti Computing, Inc. (RGTI +11.48%), sold 9,038 shares of common stock on August 20, 2026 per the SEC Form 4 filing.Transaction summaryMetricValueTransaction value~$152,000Shares sold (directly held)9,038Post-transaction shares (directly held)316,907Post-transaction value$5.1 millionTransaction value based on SEC Form 4 weighted average sale price ($16.79); post-transaction value based on August 20, 2026 market close ($16.07).Key questionsWhat was the primary driver of this insider sale?The sale was non-discretionary, executed solely to satisfy tax withholding obligations triggered by the settlement of restricted stock units (RSUs). This type of transaction is part of the insider's existing equity compensation structure and does not represent a discretionary market trade or a change in investment thesis.How does the insider's remaining stake compare to the company's capital structure?Rivas continues to hold 316,907 shares directly, representing a 0.0953% ownership interest in the company. This remaining equity position maintains the insider's alignment with shareholder interests following the automatic tax-related disposal.What was the market environment at the time of the transaction?The shares were priced at $16.07 at the August 20, 2026 market close, which followed a 9% one-year total return as of the transaction date. The company, which operates as a full-stack quantum computing company, currently maintains a market cap of $5.7 billion.Company OverviewMetricValueShare Price (as of market close 2026-08-19)$17.00Market Capitalization$5.7 billionRevenue (TTM)$13.4 millionNet Income (TTM)-$238.7 millionCompany SnapshotRigetti Computing develops and manufactures full-stack quantum computing systems, including superconducting quantum processors, and provides access to these systems through its Quantum Cloud Services platform across public, private, and hybrid cloud environments.The company generates revenue through quantum co

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Researchers Simulate 2D Quantum States Using Monitored Circuitsquantum-computing

Researchers Simulate 2D Quantum States Using Monitored Circuits

For the first time, monitored quantum circuits evaluate two-dimensional quantum states without computationally expensive tensor network contraction. The method utilises variational projected entangled pair states with isometric constraints, effectively mapping complex calculations onto readily accessible circuit sampling techniques. Implementing this requires O(W log2 D) qubits, where W represents cylinder circumference and D is the virtual bond dimension. A new computational method models complex quantum materials using both standard computers and emerging quantum processors. By translating mathematical descriptions into patterns suitable for quantum circuits, the team overcame limitations previously hindering such simulations; this approach replaces difficult calculations with more manageable sampling techniques. This enables investigation of two-dimensional systems, those behaving differently in each direction, that were formerly too complicated to study effectively, potentially accelerating progress within condensed matter physics. The technique simulates complex quantum materials by sidestepping traditional computational bottlenecks. It uses blueprints describing how particles connect within a material, known as Projected Entangled Pair States or PEPS. These ‘blueprints’ previously required immense processing power to simplify due to calculating every interaction between components, similar to meticulously accounting for each brick in an elaborate architectural design. Instead, the calculations are mapped onto quantum circuits and use sampling techniques, reducing demand on both conventional computers and emerging quantum processors. This approach models two-dimensional systems, those behaving differently depending on direction, using approximately O(W log2 D) qubits where W represents cylinder circumference and D is virtual bond dimension; it also utilises conveyor belts moving properties around a simulated area, called a transfer matrix, to describe informati

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The Quantum Computing Race Is Heating Up: The Top 3 Stocks to Buy Right Nowquantum-computing

The Quantum Computing Race Is Heating Up: The Top 3 Stocks to Buy Right Now

Quantum computing has the potential to be the next big game-changing technology after artificial intelligence (AI), and the race is on for companies to develop and commercialize a fault-tolerant system. It's a potential breakthrough technology that could help create the next round of tech giants. While many companies are pursuing quantum computing, a few stand out above the rest. These companies are ahead of the pack largely because of their technology leadership. One of the first big obstacles with quantum computing that needs to be overcome is accuracy. Image source: Getty Images Because quantum computers use qubits rather than classical fixed bits, they are very sensitive to external factors, such as vibrations and temperature changes, that can throw them off and cause errors. In the world of computing, being correct 99% of the time over billions of calculations is extremely error-prone and not usable at scale. Quantum hardware will likely never be 100% perfect on its own, but it doesn't have to be. To work reliably, quantum computers need fault tolerance, a built-in safety net that constantly catches and corrects hardware errors as they occur, yielding virtually 100% accurate results. Here are the three quantum stocks that are ahead of the pack in achieving a fault-tolerant quantum system that could change everything. IonQ When it comes to quantum computing accuracy, IonQ (IONQ +8.02%) is the current leader. Its trapped ion approach starts with actual atoms, which are identical in nature and thus more stable. However, instead of entirely relying on complex lasers, the company has embedded microwave antennas directly into its chips to control the qubits electronically and improve stability. The result is that IonQ has achieved 99.99% two-qubit gate fidelity (accuracy), the top mark on any public company. ExpandNYSE: IONQIonQToday's Change(8.02%) $3.33Current Price$44.86Key Data Points*:nth-last-child(-n+2)]:border-b-0">Market Cap$18BMarket cap calculated using pu

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Brookhaven Lab and Stony Brook Demonstrate First US Free-Space Quantum Network Link Across 13 Milesquantum-computing

Brookhaven Lab and Stony Brook Demonstrate First US Free-Space Quantum Network Link Across 13 Miles

Brookhaven Lab and Stony Brook Demonstrate First US Free-Space Quantum Network Link Across 13 Miles A map shows Brookhaven National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, and Yale University — the three institutions hosting facilities that form a free-space optical (FSO) link. Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University (SUNY) have demonstrated the first permanent free-space optical (FSO) quantum link in the United States. Operating between Stony Brook’s Quantum Watchtower and Brookhaven’s Quantum Lighthouse, the team transmitted single photons and entangled photon pairs through 13 miles (21 kilometers) of open atmosphere, adding a “wireless” leg to the nation’s longest metropolitan quantum network. [ Long Island Free-Space Quantum Network Architecture ] │ ┌───────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────────────┐ ▼ ▼ ▼ Quantum Watchtower (Stony Brook) Adaptive Optics FSO Link Quantum Lighthouse (BNL) • 5 µm Core Fiber Photon Emitter. • 13-Mile (21 km) Open-Air Path. • 0.6m Mirror Telescope Collector. • Entangled Photon Pair Source. • Real-Time Atmospheric De-Crinkling. • Ultra-Fast Single-Photon Camera. • Infrared Wavelength Channels. • kHz Deformable Mirror Corrections. • Direct-Fiber Re-Focusing (5 µm core). Atmospheric Adaptive Optics and Entanglement Transmission Transmitting unguided single photons across low-altitude, turbulent ground-layer atmosphere presents significant engineering challenges. Thermal variation, wind, and ground structures distort light wavefronts, causing loss of spatial coherence and single-photon coupling failures: Telescope & Adaptive Optics Integration: Developed by Brookhaven’s Instrumentation Department (drawing on astronomical telescope designs from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory), the system expands a 5-micron fiber core output to a 25-inch (0.6-meter) primary mirror beam. Deformable mirrors operating at kilohertz frequencies execute real-time

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Researchers Link Neutral-Atom Qubit Spacing to Noise Levelsquantum-computing

Researchers Link Neutral-Atom Qubit Spacing to Noise Levels

Neutral-atom processors conventionally enforce minimum geometric spacing rules for qubit arrays with a finite Rydberg blockade radius of approximately 4.3μm during gate operations. Meeting these separation requirements does not guarantee elimination of residual noise arising from van der Waals interactions between qubits, however modest increases in inter-gate spacing can sharply suppress correlated exposure. Xinyi Li of Stevens Institute of Technology and colleagues found that increasing the space between qubits reduces unwanted interactions caused by weak van der Waals forces even when devices meet basic operational geometry. The team demonstrated that moderate increases beyond minimum spacing effectively suppress correlated errors impacting reliability during quantum computation. This work distinguishes meeting design rules from achieving genuinely safe qubit arrangements by considering how spacing affects both physical noise and computational cost. The researchers have shown simply adhering to minimum spacing for neutral-atom processor qubits does not eliminate unwanted interaction due to weak van der Waals forces. The team discovered increased space beyond this requirement sharply suppresses correlated errors degrading computational reliability. This is akin to ensuring gears mesh smoothly; merely fitting them together isn’t enough if they snag during operation. They treated entangling-zone spacing as a key design variable influencing both physical noise and calculation speed, similar to project management timelines where extending one task impacts overall completion date. The findings distinguish hardware legality from genuine safety against residual noise, prompting evaluations of compiler designs considering geometry, error correction capabilities, and scheduling efficiency, but looser spacings may ultimately deliver substantial gains in qubit stability. Increased qubit separation minimises interaction-induced decoherence and lowers error rates Error rates f

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Quantum Computing Weekly Round-Up: Week Ending August 22, 2026quantum-computing

Quantum Computing Weekly Round-Up: Week Ending August 22, 2026

Quantum Computing Weekly Round-Up lands with real momentum this week. Hubs opened, production applications shipped, modular cryogenics clicked into place, and post-quantum cryptography jumped from standards documents into live networks. Infleqtion planted its global headquarters in Colorado’s quantum corridor. D-Wave cut measurable signaling load for NTT DOCOMO. IBM successfully joined and cooled two modular cryogenic cells. A Chinese neutral-atom startup stacked nearly one billion yuan in financing. Miss the links below and the FOMO will be genuine.

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NSF funds Ohio State to measure world’s most powerful lasersquantum-computing

NSF funds Ohio State to measure world’s most powerful lasers

A $4.5 million grant from the National Science Foundation will fund a multi-university effort to build tools for measuring the world’s most powerful lasers, with the collaboration led by University of Nevada, Reno physicist Thomas White. These lasers compress light into a spot just a few millionths of a meter wide, recreating conditions within stars and giant planets for a fraction of a trillionth of a second. Douglass Schumacher, a professor in the Department of Physics involved in the project, says, “The 2018 and 2023 Nobel Prizes in Physics both recognized the importance of high-power lasers for science and society.” He adds that as these lasers become more powerful, new techniques are required to characterize them, and this project, DELIGHT, is dedicated to developing them. $4.5 Million NSF Grant Funds Extreme-Light Diagnostics A $4.5 million NSF grant funds a multi-university collaboration, with Douglass Schumacher, a professor, collaborating on the project formally titled Diagnostics for Extreme-LIGHT, or DELIGHT. Beyond characterizing the lasers themselves, the tools will generate X-ray and particle probes to study high-energy and high-density matter. Pierre Agostini, the 2023 Nobel Laureate and Ohio State Emeritus Professor of Physics, emphasized the scale of the challenge, stating, “40 years ago, Gerard Mourou was seeing the petawatt at the horizon. The reality of today is well beyond this vision, but such incredible powers demand a whole new collection of diagnostics to make quantitative physics, the only good physics.” The core diagnostic tools are expected to be completed within three years. The 2018 and 2023 Nobel Prizes in Physics both recognized the importance of high-power lasers for science and society. Douglass Schumacher, Professor at the Department of Physics Source: https://physics.osu.edu/news/schumacher-receives-nsf-funding-measure-worlds-most-powerful-lasers Stay currentSee today’s quantum computing news on Quantum Zeitgeist for the latest br

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Quantum algorithm solves matrix equations much faster than classical methodsquantum-computing

Quantum algorithm solves matrix equations much faster than classical methods

Rolando D. Somma of Google Quantum AI and colleagues have devised a quantum algorithm that efficiently solves the Sylvester equation, a fundamental linear matrix equation used in fields from control theory to physics. The approach constructs a solution matrix using a technique, allowing for faster access to its properties than traditional methods of preparing a quantum state. The query and gate complexities of the quantum circuit that implements this block-encoding are almost linear in a condition number that depends on the input matrices and logarithmically with the problem’s dimension and desired accuracy. The team demonstrates this circuit can efficiently tackle problems within the BQP class, suggesting a pathway toward practical quantum solutions for complex linear algebra. Quantum Algorithm for the Sylvester Equation Google Quantum AI researchers have devised a quantum circuit capable of solving the Sylvester equation with computational demands scaling favorably with problem size. Somma and colleagues, centers on constructing a block-encoding of the solution matrix, offering a potential pathway to exponential speedups in instances where the condition number scales polylogarithmically with the problem size. Unlike traditional approaches that treat matrix equations as systems of linear equations with extremely large dimensions, this quantum algorithm employs specialized techniques tailored to directly construct the solution matrix. The core of this advancement lies in the algorithm’s efficiency in accessing properties of the solution matrix’s entries, achieving this faster than preparing the matrix as a quantum state. This is accomplished through a block-encoding, a unitary transformation where the first block represents the solution matrix, normalized by a rescaling factor, x. The query and gate complexities of the resulting quantum circuit are almost linear in a condition number, denoted as κ, which depends on the input matrices, and scale logarithmically with

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