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One-loop four-graviton string amplitude at finite $\alpha'$, by Marco Maria Baccianti, Lorenz Eberhardt, Sebastian Mizera

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Researchers from ITFA and Columbia University achieved the first exact computation of the one-loop four-graviton scattering amplitude in type-II superstring theory, resolving finite α′ corrections previously left unexplored. The breakthrough combines novel insights into string theory’s iε prescription with a technical application of the Rademacher expansion for modular integrals, advancing computational methods in quantum gravity. A C++ implementation of the derived formula enabled precise analysis of amplitude behavior across kinematic regimes, offering a tool for future high-energy physics studies. The study challenges the 1980s Gross-Mende saddle-point analysis in high-energy limits, revealing discrepancies that suggest undiscovered saddle points in string scattering dynamics. Funded by the EU’s Horizon 2020, this work bridges theoretical gaps between string theory predictions and explicit computations, with implications for quantum gravity and supergravity research.
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SciPost Physics Home Authoring Refereeing Submit a manuscript About One-loop four-graviton string amplitude at finite $\alpha'$ Marco Maria Baccianti, Lorenz Eberhardt, Sebastian Mizera SciPost Phys. 20, 052 (2026) · published 23 February 2026 doi: 10.21468/SciPostPhys.20.2.052 pdf BiBTeX RIS Submissions/Reports Abstract We evaluate the one-loop four-graviton scattering amplitude in type-II superstring theory exactly in $\alpha'$. This result is achieved by combining physical insights into the $i\varepsilon$ prescription in string theory with a new technical application of the Rademacher expansion of modular integrals. We provide an implementation of our formula in $\texttt{C++}$ and use it to study the behavior of the amplitude at finite $\alpha'$ and in different kinematic regimes. Our analysis reveals a tension between explicit computations and the saddle point analysis of Gross and Mende in the high-energy limit and suggests the presence of additional saddle points. × TY - JOURPB - SciPost FoundationDO - 10.21468/SciPostPhys.20.2.052TI - One-loop four-graviton string amplitude at finite $\alpha'$PY - 2026/02/23UR - https://scipost.org/SciPostPhys.20.2.052JF - SciPost PhysicsJA - SciPost Phys.VL - 20IS - 2SP - 052A1 - Baccianti, Marco MariaAU - Eberhardt, LorenzAU - Mizera, SebastianAB - We evaluate the one-loop four-graviton scattering amplitude in type-II superstring theory exactly in $\alpha'$. This result is achieved by combining physical insights into the $i\varepsilon$ prescription in string theory with a new technical application of the Rademacher expansion of modular integrals. We provide an implementation of our formula in $\texttt{C++}$ and use it to study the behavior of the amplitude at finite $\alpha'$ and in different kinematic regimes. Our analysis reveals a tension between explicit computations and the saddle point analysis of Gross and Mende in the high-energy limit and suggests the presence of additional saddle points.ER - × @Article{10.21468/SciPostPhys.20.2.052, title={{One-loop four-graviton string amplitude at finite $\alpha'$}}, author={Marco Maria Baccianti and Lorenz Eberhardt and Sebastian Mizera}, journal={SciPost Phys.}, volume={20}, pages={052}, year={2026}, publisher={SciPost}, doi={10.21468/SciPostPhys.20.2.052}, url={https://scipost.org/10.21468/SciPostPhys.20.2.052},} Ontology / Topics See full Ontology or Topics database. String theory Supergravity Authors / Affiliations: mappings to Contributors and Organizations See all Organizations. 1 Marco Maria Baccianti, 1 Lorenz Eberhardt, 2 Sebastian Mizera 1 Institute for Theoretical Physics Amsterdam [ITFA] 2 Columbia University [CU] Funder for the research work leading to this publication Horizon 2020 (through Organization: European Commission [EC])

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