Variational Quantum Algorithm for Unitary Dilation

Quantum Physics arXiv:2510.19157 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 22 Oct 2025] Title:Variational Quantum Algorithm for Unitary Dilation Authors:S. X. Li, Keren Li, J. B. You, Y.-H. Chen, Clemens Gneiting, Franco Nori, X. Q. Shao View a PDF of the paper titled Variational Quantum Algorithm for Unitary Dilation, by S. X. Li and 6 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:We introduce a hybrid quantum-classical framework for efficiently implementing approximate unitary dilations of non-unitary operators with enhanced noise resilience. The method embeds a target non-unitary operator into a subblock of a unitary matrix generated by a parameterized quantum circuit with universal expressivity, while a classical optimizer adjusts circuit parameters under the global unitary constraint. As a representative application, we consider the non-unitary propagator of a Lindbladian superoperator acting on the vectorized density matrix, which is relevant for simulating open quantum systems. We further validate the approach experimentally on superconducting devices in the Quafu quantum cloud computing cluster. Compared with standard dilation protocols, our method significantly reduces quantum resource requirements and improves robustness against device noise, achieving high-fidelity simulation. Its generality also enables compatibility with non-Markovian dynamics and Kraus-operator-based evolutions, providing a practical pathway for the noise-resilient simulation of non-unitary processes on near-term quantum hardware. Comments: Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2510.19157 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2510.19157v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.19157 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Xiao-Qiang Shao [view email] [v1] Wed, 22 Oct 2025 01:23:59 UTC (2,228 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Variational Quantum Algorithm for Unitary Dilation, by S. X. Li and 6 other authorsView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2025-10 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) Links to Code Toggle Papers with Code (What is Papers with Code?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)