Performance Model for Hybrid Quantum-Classical Workflows

Quantum Physics arXiv:2607.15426 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 16 Jul 2026] Title:Performance Model for Hybrid Quantum-Classical Workflows Authors:Pooja Rao, Dimitar Trenev, Jerome Gonthier, Taylor Patti, Sebastian Stern, Tyler Takeshita, Yuri Alexeev, Cedric Lin, Sam McArdle, Justin Lietz, Katherine Klymko, Ermal Rrapaj, Norm Tubman, Krysta Svore, Peter Komar, Elica Kyoseva View a PDF of the paper titled Performance Model for Hybrid Quantum-Classical Workflows, by Pooja Rao and 15 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Hybrid quantum-classical workflows are expected to underpin practical quantum computing applications, yet the quantum and HPC communities lack a shared framework for reasoning about where and when their integration requirements matter most. Such a framework must separate two distinct levels of analysis: the application level, where communication overhead affects runtime performance, and the real-time level, where it determines feasibility. To address this, we introduce a runtime model that decomposes workflow execution into quantum compute, classical compute, and communication costs. At the application level, a communication-to-computation ratio from this decomposition quantifies whether a workflow is communication-bound or compute-bound; at the real-time level, a feasibility constraint determines whether timing requirements can be met at all, with the reaction time setting the logical clock speed of fault-tolerant computation once they are. Application of this model to representative workflows demonstrates that co-location of quantum processors with HPC infrastructure offers negligible performance benefit for compute-intensive applications today, while tight integration remains crucial for real-time tasks such as quantum error correction needed for large scale quantum computations. However, we discuss how even at the application level these assessments may shift with hardware evolution, illustrating how the model can identify specific crossover conditions, and how, under fault tolerance, the reaction time can set application-level performance. Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2607.15426 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2607.15426v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2607.15426 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Pooja Rao [view email] [v1] Thu, 16 Jul 2026 19:57:17 UTC (450 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Performance Model for Hybrid Quantum-Classical Workflows, by Pooja Rao and 15 other authorsView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-07 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)