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‘Nightmare’ calculation may be too tricky for even quantum computers - New Scientist

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⚡ Quantum Brief
Researchers at the California Institute of Technology have proven that certain quantum phase calculations—dubbed a "nightmare scenario"—are impossible to solve, even for advanced quantum computers. The study, led by Thomas Schuster, focuses on exotic quantum matter where determining phases (like solid vs. liquid) becomes computationally intractable due to extreme quantum complexity. Unlike classical systems (e.g., water’s phases), quantum phases in these materials defy efficient simulation, exposing fundamental limits of quantum computing’s problem-solving capabilities. This discovery challenges assumptions about quantum computers’ superiority, suggesting some quantum physics problems may remain unsolvable regardless of hardware advancements. The findings underscore that even with quantum supremacy, not all quantum-scale calculations are feasible, reshaping expectations for future applications in materials science and beyond.
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Some problems are too hard for even quantum computersYaroslav Kushta/Getty Images Researchers have identified a “nightmare scenario” calculation related to exotic types of quantum matter that would be impossible to solve, even for a very efficient quantum computer. Read moreQuantum computers have finally arrived, but will they ever be useful? Without the complexity of quantum states of matter, determining the phase of a material can be relatively simple. Take water, for example – it is straightforward to tell whether it is in a solid or liquid phase. The quantum version of this task, however, can be a lot more daunting. Thomas Schuster at the California Institute of Technology and his colleagues have now proven identifying quantum phases of matter can get too difficult even for quantum computers. Advertisement Receive a weekly dose of discovery in your inbox. We'll also keep you up to date with New Scientist events and special offers.

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