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Identical Bosons, large occupation numbers and classical field description

arXiv Quantum Physics
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⚡ Quantum Brief
A new study challenges the common assumption that large boson occupation numbers alone guarantee classical field behavior, particularly in systems like ultra-light dark matter. The work introduces a stricter criterion—$2 \sigma_\varphi < |\langle \varphi \rangle|$—to validate when quantum states truly exhibit classical dynamics. Researchers found that arbitrary quantum states with high occupation numbers often fail to meet classical behavior standards. Only states with specific constraints—such as reduced quantum fluctuations—align with classical field descriptions, questioning blanket applications in cosmology. Coherent states, known for quasi-classical properties, were analyzed to determine how deviations from them degrade classical behavior. The study reveals that proximity to large-occupation coherent states, not just high occupation numbers, ensures valid classical approximations. Implications for ultra-light dark matter are significant: current classical field models may require revisiting if underlying quantum states deviate from ideal coherent-state conditions. This could reshape theoretical predictions in dark matter dynamics. The findings bridge quantum physics, cosmology, and high-energy theory, urging stricter criteria for classical approximations in bosonic systems. The work emphasizes precision in modeling quantum-to-classical transitions across disciplines.
Identical Bosons, large occupation numbers and classical field description

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Quantum Physics arXiv:2606.10055 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 8 Jun 2026] Title:Identical Bosons, large occupation numbers and classical field description Authors:Gaurav Goswami View a PDF of the paper titled Identical Bosons, large occupation numbers and classical field description, by Gaurav Goswami View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:For a system with a large number of identical Bosons, it is common to claim, often without any additional justifications, that, when the mean occupation number in a single particle state is sufficiently large, classical field description will be applicable. This is why e.g. for ultra-light dark matter, the classical field equations are used to compute its dynamics. In this work, we test the validity and robustness of this assumption based on the criterion $2 \sigma_\varphi new | recent | 2026-06 Change to browse by: astro-ph astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)

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Source: arXiv Quantum Physics