ETH Zurich Generates First Certifiably Perfect Random Numbers Using Entangled Superconducting Qubits and Bell Test
Summarize this article with:
Above Image: Certified perfect randomness from the ETH experiment on the right. Center shows “ordinary randomess” of the image on the left. (Image: ETH Zurich)Quantum Randomness Milestone: ETH Zurich achieves certifiably perfect random numbers for the first time through a quantum experiment.Randomness Amplification Breakthrough: Entangled superconducting qubits and improved Bell test extract ideal randomness from imperfect sources.Cryptographic Foundation: Technology strengthens encryption, digital identities, and quantum-secure systems.Researchers at ETH Zurich have, for the first time, generated certifiably perfect random numbers using a quantum experiment involving entangled superconducting qubits. Led by Renato Renner and Andreas Wallraff in the Department of Physics, the work employs randomness amplification via an improved Bell test to overcome systematic biases inherent in conventional generators. The results, published in the journal Nature, establish a physically certified source of randomness for cryptographic and security applications.The experimental setup comprises two superconducting chips, each implementing a quantum bit (qubit) cooled to temperatures near absolute zero. A 30-meter-long cooled tube connects the chips, enabling microwave photons to establish quantum entanglement between the qubits. The exact measurement basis applied to each qubit is selected using an imperfect classical random number generator; a dedicated algorithm then amplifies the resulting measurement outcomes into certifiably perfect bit strings.Key parameters include:This architecture guarantees that quantum correlations certify the output randomness independent of any device imperfections.The certified randomness source addresses a long-standing limitation in digital security, where even minor biases in random number generators can compromise encryption strength. In the long term, the approach is positioned to function as a foundational standard for digital security—analogous to atomic clocks for timekeeping—supporting encryption of sensitive communications, digital identities, public randomness services for lotteries and blockchain, and quantum-secure communication systems.By providing mathematically verifiable perfect randomness, the technology enhances the robustness of cryptographic protocols and supports broader adoption of quantum-secure infrastructures across finance, government, and enterprise sectors.Find out more here. Further articles, reports, and the latest quantum computing news may be found at The Qubit Report.Quantum Machines has achieved 99.5% median two-qubit gate fidelity on Rigetti’s commercially available Novera 9-qubit superconducting QPU using the OPX1000 platform. This represents the highest Qubic has secured its first customer for low-noise cryogenic amplifiers with Quantum Machines. The KI-TWPA technology offers dramatically lower heat dissipation at 4 Kelvin, improving Telia Finland and QMill have successfully demonstrated quantum-enhanced encryption for mobile networks, offering protection against both classical and quantum computing attacks. The new method leverages Sign up to receive our newsletter and other reports.We keep your data private and share your data only with third parties that make this service possible. Read our privacy policy for more info.Check your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription. Our MissionContact UsPrivacy PolicyWebsite Terms of UseCopyright 2017-2026 | The Qubit Report | All Rights Reserved