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Deterministic and Universal Frequency-Bin Gate for High-Dimensional Quantum Technologies

Xin Chen
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⚡ Quantum Brief
Researchers led by Xin Chen propose a breakthrough deterministic quantum gate for high-dimensional photonic systems, addressing the long-standing challenge of scalable, low-loss unitary operations across multiple modes. The gate leverages cavity-assisted sum-frequency generation to achieve near-unity fidelity, enabling fully programmable M-by-N unitary transformations (1 ≤ M < N) or full N×N unitaries when M = N. Current technology supports dimensionalities up to 10⁴ (M×N) with N reaching ~1,000, scalable further via multiple pulse shapers, unlocking unprecedented Hilbert space access for quantum processing. The fiber-compatible design integrates with spontaneous parametric down-conversion sources, high-efficiency detectors, and fast feed-forward, creating a practical platform for quantum computation, communication, and sensing. This advancement could accelerate real-world deployment of high-dimensional quantum systems by overcoming key bottlenecks in gate scalability and loss, marking a critical step toward fault-tolerant quantum technologies.
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Quantum Physics arXiv:2512.06191 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 5 Dec 2025] Title:Deterministic and Universal Frequency-Bin Gate for High-Dimensional Quantum Technologies Authors:Xin Chen View a PDF of the paper titled Deterministic and Universal Frequency-Bin Gate for High-Dimensional Quantum Technologies, by Xin Chen View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:High-dimensional photonic systems access large Hilbert spaces for quantum information processing. They offer proven advantages in quantum computation, communication, and sensing. However, implementing scalable, low-loss unitary gates across many modes remains a central challenge. Here we propose a deterministic, universal, and fully programmable high-dimensional quantum gate based on a cavity-assisted sum-frequency-generation process, achieving near-unity fidelity. The device implements an M-by-N truncated unitary transformation (with 1 new | recent | 2025-12 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) Links to Code Toggle Papers with Code (What is Papers with Code?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)

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