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Brazil Proposes Forming State-Run Rare Earths Firm in New Bill

Mariana Durao
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⚡ Quantum Brief
Brazil’s Congressman Rodrigo Rollemberg proposed a bill in April 2026 to establish a state-run rare earths company, Terras Raras Brasileiras SA (Terrabras), aiming to reduce reliance on China’s dominance in critical mineral supply chains. The firm would mirror Petrobras’s model, focusing on research, exploration, and commercialization of rare earths and strategic minerals, with federal government control ensured via a mandatory minimum stake. Terrabras’s capital structure could include private firms, development banks, and sovereign funds, blending public and private investment to accelerate Brazil’s refining capabilities and global market positioning. The move aligns with Brazil’s broader strategy to localize critical mineral processing, leveraging its vast reserves to become a key alternative supplier amid geopolitical tensions over resource dependencies. If approved, the initiative could reshape global rare earth markets, critical for quantum technologies, EVs, and defense, by diversifying supply chains beyond China’s near-monopoly.
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Connecting decision makers to a dynamic network of information, people and ideas, Bloomberg quickly and accurately delivers business and financial information, news and insight around the worldAmericas+1 212 318 2000EMEA+44 20 7330 7500Asia Pacific+65 6212 1000Connecting decision makers to a dynamic network of information, people and ideas, Bloomberg quickly and accurately delivers business and financial information, news and insight around the worldAmericas+1 212 318 2000EMEA+44 20 7330 7500Asia Pacific+65 6212 1000A Brazilian lawmaker has proposed a bill to create a state-run company focused on rare earths and critical minerals in the latest push from the South American nation to localize refining and position itself as alternative to top producer China. The proposal from Congressman Rodrigo Rollemberg would create Terras Raras Brasileiras SA, or Terrabras, and target minerals research, exploration and commercialization. The company would operate similarly to state-controlled oil producer Petrobras and would have a capital structure that could include private companies, development banks and sovereign funds, with the federal government keeping a minimum stake to ensure its control.

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