quantum-computingFQXi finds Schrödinger’s cat in a box models quantum events in spacetime
Humans search for explanations with relentless curiosity; a query of returns over 530 million Google results. Raphael Bousso at the University of California, Berkeley, is attempting to quantify this innate drive, tackling a fundamental problem in physics where quantum calculations predict an infinite amount of activity within spacetime. Bousso is using gravity to resolve this contradiction, potentially leading to a theory of quantum gravity and a better understanding of black holes, a pursuit made more pressing by the February 2016 detection of gravitational waves. “We want to know how to describe our universe, we want to know how did that start,” says Bousso. Entanglement Entropy and Quantum Decoherence in Schrödinger’s Cat Bousso, supported by a grant exceeding $140,000 from the FQXi, is examining how this quantity changes as a quantum system interacts with its environment, even with just a few photons of heat capable of initiating the decoherence process. This investigation aims to move beyond simply acknowledging decoherence and towards quantifying the degree of interaction between a system and its surroundings. Calculating entanglement entropy presents a significant challenge; attempts to sum all connections between regions inside and outside a quantum system initially yield infinite values. Physicists have previously circumvented these infinities in weak gravity scenarios, allowing for sensible calculations of entanglement entropy and, consequently, decoherence levels. However, Bousso is now questioning what if gravity becomes strong? This line of inquiry focuses on situations where standard methods fail, such as near the center of a black hole or within the confines of extreme gravitational fields. To address this, Bousso proposes combining entanglement entropy with gravitational entropy, a quantity proportional to the surface area of a black hole’s event horizon. He is investigating whether this combined approach can provide a quantifiable measure of events