Optical fuse based on the photorefractive effect for defending the light-injection attacks of quantum key distribution
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Quantum Physics arXiv:2512.10205 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 11 Dec 2025] Title:Optical fuse based on the photorefractive effect for defending the light-injection attacks of quantum key distribution Authors:Min Chen, Hong-Yan Song, Jia-Lin Chen, Peng Ye, Guo-Wei Zhang, Fang-Xiang Wang, Li Zhang, Shuang Wang, De-Yong He, Zhen-qiang Yin, Guang-Can Guo, Wei Chen, Zheng-Fu Han View a PDF of the paper titled Optical fuse based on the photorefractive effect for defending the light-injection attacks of quantum key distribution, by Min Chen and 11 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Light-injection attacks pose critical security threats to quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. Conventional defense methods, such as isolators, filters, and optical power monitoring, are confronted with the threats of specific attacks and the limitations in integration. To address this, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an integrated attack sensing and automatic response unit utilizing the photorefractive effect in a thin-film lithium niobate microring resonator. Our unit provides a high rejection ratio against non-resonant injected light. For resonant attacks exceeding tens of microwatts, the unit can autonomously attenuate the transmission of the quantum signal light, leading to a significant suppression of the secret key rate. This work enhances the security of QKD systems against light-injection attacks by providing a highly sensitive, broadband, and on-chip defense mechanism. Comments: Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Optics (physics.optics) Cite as: arXiv:2512.10205 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2512.10205v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.10205 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Submission history From: Min Chen [view email] [v1] Thu, 11 Dec 2025 01:54:24 UTC (7,412 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Optical fuse based on the photorefractive effect for defending the light-injection attacks of quantum key distribution, by Min Chen and 11 other authorsView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2025-12 Change to browse by: physics physics.optics References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) Links to Code Toggle Papers with Code (What is Papers with Code?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)