Quantum Sensing of Birefringence Beyond the Classical Limit with a Hyper-Entangled SU(1,1) Interferometer
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Quantum Physics arXiv:2603.08857 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 9 Mar 2026] Title:Quantum Sensing of Birefringence Beyond the Classical Limit with a Hyper-Entangled SU(1,1) Interferometer Authors:Samata Gokhale, Netanel P. Yaish, Michal Natan, Saar Levin, Yogesh Dandekar, Avi Pe'er View a PDF of the paper titled Quantum Sensing of Birefringence Beyond the Classical Limit with a Hyper-Entangled SU(1,1) Interferometer, by Samata Gokhale and 5 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Quantum interferometric sensing plays a crucial role in a wide range of applications, including quantum metrology, quantum imaging, and quantum lithography, where minute phase shifts carry valuable physical information. The strength of quantum sensing lies in surpassing classical sensitivity limits, particularly through the use of quantum entanglement and squeezing to suppress optical shot noise. Birefringence sensing is crucial for various applications, as it provides detailed information about the material's structure, stress, composition, and environmental conditions. We present an interferometric scheme for detecting unknown small birefringence beyond the shot-noise limit of sensitivity that leverages the hyper-entanglement within a pair of polarized nonlinear SU(1,1) interferometers, coupled by the birefringence. Specifically, two pairs of crossed-polarization nonlinear media, both generate and measure two-mode quantum light that is squeezed and polarization-entangled. We present a complete theoretical analysis of the interferometer's sensitivity to small birefringence under realistic conditions of gain and internal loss, illuminating the potential for enhancement of the sensitivity by 3-15dB in practical, real-world experiments (the exact achievable enhancement is governed solely by the loss). Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Optics (physics.optics) Cite as: arXiv:2603.08857 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2603.08857v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.08857 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Samata Gokhale [view email] [v1] Mon, 9 Mar 2026 19:18:56 UTC (11,480 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Quantum Sensing of Birefringence Beyond the Classical Limit with a Hyper-Entangled SU(1,1) Interferometer, by Samata Gokhale and 5 other authorsView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-03 Change to browse by: physics physics.optics References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) Links to Code Toggle Papers with Code (What is Papers with Code?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)