Quantum Algorithm Framework for Phase-Contrast Transmission Electron Microscopy Image Simulation
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Quantum Physics arXiv:2602.13438 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 13 Feb 2026] Title:Quantum Algorithm Framework for Phase-Contrast Transmission Electron Microscopy Image Simulation Authors:Sean D. Lam, Roberto dos Reis View a PDF of the paper titled Quantum Algorithm Framework for Phase-Contrast Transmission Electron Microscopy Image Simulation, by Sean D. Lam and Roberto dos Reis View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:We present a quantum algorithmic framework for simulating phase-contrast transmission electron microscopy (CTEM) image formation using a fault-tolerant, gate-based quantum circuit model. The electron wavefield on an $N\times N$ grid is amplitude-encoded into a $2\log_2 N$-qubit register. Free-space propagation and objective-lens aberrations are implemented via two-dimensional quantum Fourier transforms (QFTs) and diagonal phase operators in reciprocal space, while specimen interaction is modeled under the weak phase object approximation (WPOA) as a position-dependent phase grating. We validate projected potentials, contrast transfer function (CTF) behavior, and image contrast trends against classical multislice simulations for MoS$_2$ over experimentally relevant parameters, and provide resource estimates and key assumptions that determine end-to-end runtime. While extracting complete $N\times N$ intensity images requires $O(N^2/\epsilon^2)$ measurements that preclude advantage for full-image reconstruction, the framework enables quantum advantage for tasks requiring Fourier-space queries, global image statistics, or phase-coherent observables inaccessible to classical intensity-only detection. This framework provides a physics-grounded mapping from CTEM theory to quantum circuits and establishes a baseline for extending toward full multislice and inelastic scattering models. Comments: Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph) MSC classes: 81P68, 68Q12, 78A15 ACM classes: J.2; I.2.6 Cite as: arXiv:2602.13438 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2602.13438v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.13438 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Roberto Dos Reis [view email] [v1] Fri, 13 Feb 2026 20:26:27 UTC (8,945 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Quantum Algorithm Framework for Phase-Contrast Transmission Electron Microscopy Image Simulation, by Sean D. Lam and Roberto dos ReisView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-02 Change to browse by: cond-mat cond-mat.mtrl-sci physics physics.comp-ph References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) Links to Code Toggle Papers with Code (What is Papers with Code?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)