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Protection of Exponential Operation using Stabilizer Codes in the Early Fault Tolerance Era

arXiv Quantum Physics
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⚡ Quantum Brief
Researchers Dawei Zhong and Todd Brun propose a novel error-correction method for non-Clifford quantum operations, addressing a key bottleneck in early fault-tolerant quantum computing by reducing resource demands for exponential maps like exp(-iθP). Their scheme encodes these operations into stabilizer codes with minimal qubit overhead, achieving 4–7x lower noise than unencoded circuits under current device noise levels, while discarding only ≤3% of runs via postselection. The approach leverages simple circuit structures compatible with [[n, n-2, 2]] error-detecting codes and standard error-correcting codes like [[5,1,3]], [[7,1,3]], and [[15,7,3]], balancing practicality with performance gains. Analysis shows first-order logical error rates remain low even with physical noise, offering a viable path to near-term quantum advantage without requiring full fault tolerance. This work targets the "early fault-tolerant era," bridging the gap between noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices and future large-scale, fully error-corrected systems.
Protection of Exponential Operation using Stabilizer Codes in the Early Fault Tolerance Era

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Quantum Physics arXiv:2602.13399 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 13 Feb 2026] Title:Protection of Exponential Operation using Stabilizer Codes in the Early Fault Tolerance Era Authors:Dawei Zhong, Todd A. Brun View a PDF of the paper titled Protection of Exponential Operation using Stabilizer Codes in the Early Fault Tolerance Era, by Dawei Zhong and Todd A. Brun View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Quantum error correction offers a promising path to suppress errors in quantum processors, but the resources required to protect logical operations from noise, especially non-Clifford operations, pose a substantial challenge to achieve practical quantum advantage in the early fault-tolerant quantum computing (EFTQC) era. In this work, we develop a systematic scheme to encode exponential maps of the form $\exp(-i\theta P)$ into stabilizer codes with simple circuit structures and low qubit overhead. We provide encoded circuits with small first-order logical error rate after postselection for the [[n, n-2, 2]] quantum error-detecting codes and the [[5, 1, 3]], [[7, 1, 3]], and [[15, 7, 3]] quantum error-correcting codes. Detailed analysis shows that under the level of physical noise of current devices, our encoding scheme is 4--7 times less noisy than the unencoded operation, while at most 3% of runs need to be discarded. Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2602.13399 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2602.13399v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.13399 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Dawei Zhong [view email] [v1] Fri, 13 Feb 2026 19:02:58 UTC (427 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Protection of Exponential Operation using Stabilizer Codes in the Early Fault Tolerance Era, by Dawei Zhong and Todd A. BrunView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-02 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) Links to Code Toggle Papers with Code (What is Papers with Code?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)

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quantum-computing
quantum-hardware
quantum-error-correction
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Source: arXiv Quantum Physics