Photoemission and absorption under coherent and entangled-photon-pair illumination
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Quantum Physics arXiv:2604.13375 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 15 Apr 2026] Title:Photoemission and absorption under coherent and entangled-photon-pair illumination Authors:Malvin Carl Teich, Mark C. Booth, Francesco Lissandrin, Bahaa E. A. Saleh View a PDF of the paper titled Photoemission and absorption under coherent and entangled-photon-pair illumination, by Malvin Carl Teich and 2 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:The phenomena of subthreshold photoemission and absorption under coherent and entangled-photon-pair illumination are reviewed, and the generation and properties of entangled-photon pairs are surveyed. Three prominent forms of subthreshold photoemission are examined: one-photon Fermi-tail photoemission (FTP), two-photon photoemission (TPP), and entangled-two-photon photoemission (ETPP). Experimental methods for measuring subthreshold photocurrents and photoelectron count rates are discussed, along with strategies for enhancing selected contributions. Experimental observations of FTP from a CsK$_2$Sb photocathode in a photomultiplier tube (PMT), under both coherent and entangled-photon-pair illumination, are reviewed, and the role of FTP as a noise source in two-photon measurements is elucidated. TPP from Na and CsK$_2$Sb photocathodes in a PMT under classical-light illumination is considered, as are TPP and ETPP from a CsK$_2$Sb photocathode in a channel photomultiplier (CPM) under coherent and entangled-photon-pair illumination. The observation of ETPP is facilitated by the use of a CPM, which suppresses FTP, and by low-intensity illumination, which minimizes TPP. Quantum models of TPP and ETPP accord well with experiment. Entangled-two-photon absorption (ETPA) is analyzed, as are its applications in entangled-two-photon fluorescence microscopy (ETPFM) and entangled-two-photon spectroscopy (ETPS). The three principal forms of subthreshold absorption parallel those of subthreshold photoemission: singleton-induced Boltzmann-tail absorption; cousin-induced/singleton-pair-induced two-photon absorption; and twin-induced ETPA. Heuristic particle and fully quantum models of these processes are compared, and experimental studies of ETPA and ETPFM, together with methods for enhancing their observability, are summarized. Comments: Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); Optics (physics.optics) Cite as: arXiv:2604.13375 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2604.13375v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.13375 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Malvin Teich [view email] [v1] Wed, 15 Apr 2026 00:47:21 UTC (14,686 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Photoemission and absorption under coherent and entangled-photon-pair illumination, by Malvin Carl Teich and 2 other authorsView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-04 Change to browse by: physics physics.optics References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)