Hardware-Efficient Erasure Qubits With Superconducting Transmon Qutrits
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Quantum Physics arXiv:2604.08672 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 9 Apr 2026] Title:Hardware-Efficient Erasure Qubits With Superconducting Transmon Qutrits Authors:Bao-Jie Liu, Ying-Ying Wang, Yu-Xin Wang, Manthan Badbaria, Shruti Puri, Chen Wang View a PDF of the paper titled Hardware-Efficient Erasure Qubits With Superconducting Transmon Qutrits, by Bao-Jie Liu and 5 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Quantum error correction using erasure qubits offers higher fault-tolerant thresholds and improved scaling by converting dominant physical errors into detectable erasures. In superconducting circuits, erasure qubits can be constructed using the dual-rail approach, which, however, requires additional qubit-count overhead and tailored coupling elements. Here, we demonstrate a hardware-efficient scheme that operates transmon qutrits as erasure qubits, which is compatible with standard superconducting circuit-QED hardware. The logical states $\ket{0_\text{L}}$ and $\ket{1_\text{L}}$ are represented by the ground and second excited states, while the dominant relaxation errors can be detected via an ancilla qubit using a microwave-activated two-qutrit SWAP gate. We demonstrate a logical qubit $T_1$ lifetime exceeding $500\,\mu\mathrm{s}$, post-selected with repeated mid-circuit erasure detection, which is ten times longer than the $T_1$ time of the transmon physical qubit. Coherence times beyond $300\,\mu\mathrm{s}$ are achieved using dynamical decoupling. Single-qubit gate operations reach average Clifford gate infidelity on the order of $10^{-4}$. We further demonstrate dual-purposing an ancilla qubit for both erasure detection and parity checking, showing heralded generation of Bell states between erasure qubits. These results suggest that mainstream architectures of transmon qubit arrays may already be capable of implementing erasure-based QEC strategies for hardware-efficient fault-tolerant quantum computing. Comments: Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2604.08672 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2604.08672v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.08672 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Bao-Jie Liu [view email] [v1] Thu, 9 Apr 2026 18:01:53 UTC (7,993 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Hardware-Efficient Erasure Qubits With Superconducting Transmon Qutrits, by Bao-Jie Liu and 5 other authorsView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-04 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)