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Dynamics of Entanglement in Schwarzschild Black Holes

arXiv Quantum Physics
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⚡ Quantum Brief
Researchers analyzed how Hawking radiation from Schwarzschild black holes affects quantum entanglement, using concurrence to measure bipartite mixed states. They found physically accessible entanglement weakens as Hawking temperature rises. Physically inaccessible entanglement grows monotonically from zero as Hawking acceleration increases, creating a stark contrast with accessible entanglement’s decline. This reveals a fundamental trade-off in entanglement distribution across event horizons. The study establishes mathematical trade-off relations governing entanglement partitioning between accessible and inaccessible regions, offering new insights into black hole information dynamics. Under noise channel tests, entanglement behaves differently: phase damping preserves it, while phase flip and bit flip channels cause sudden death. Bit flip noise also introduces symmetry in entanglement evolution. These findings bridge quantum information theory and black hole physics, suggesting entanglement’s fragility depends on both Hawking effects and environmental noise, with implications for quantum gravity research.
Dynamics of Entanglement in Schwarzschild Black Holes

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Quantum Physics arXiv:2604.05331 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 7 Apr 2026] Title:Dynamics of Entanglement in Schwarzschild Black Holes Authors:Fang Xie, Ying Yang, Tinggui Zhang, Xiaofen Huang View a PDF of the paper titled Dynamics of Entanglement in Schwarzschild Black Holes, by Fang Xie and 3 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:To characterize the effect of Hawking radiation induced by the quantum atmosphere beyond the event horizon on entanglement, we employ concurrence as the entanglement measure for a bipartite mixed state and investigate its evolution with Hawking temperature. We find that the physically accessible concurrence decreases as the Hawking acceleration increases, whereas the physically inaccessible concurrence exhibits the opposite behavior, increasing monotonically from zero. We further establish several trade-off relations on concurrence, revealing its distribution between physically accessible and inaccessible regions. Additionally, we study the dynamics of concurrence under three types of channel noise. The results indicate that the evolution of concurrence depends on the specific noise channel: unlike the phase damping channel, sudden death of concurrence occurs in both phase flip and bit flip channels, the concurrence exhibits a certain symmetry with respect to the noise parameter during its evolution under bit flip channel noise. Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2604.05331 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2604.05331v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.05331 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Xiaofen Huang [view email] [v1] Tue, 7 Apr 2026 02:06:04 UTC (7,229 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Dynamics of Entanglement in Schwarzschild Black Holes, by Fang Xie and 3 other authorsView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-04 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)

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Source: arXiv Quantum Physics