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Displaced Gaussian Boson Sampling for enhanced max-clique search

arXiv Quantum Physics
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⚡ Quantum Brief
Researchers from Oxford and Shanghai demonstrated a method to enhance Gaussian Boson Sampling (GBS) for max-clique search by introducing coherent state displacements, improving success rates under photon loss or limited squeezing conditions. The technique leverages easily prepared coherent states—traditionally viewed as classical resources—to boost performance in lossy optical networks, offering a practical workaround for hardware limitations in current GBS devices. Experiments show the approach scales efficiently to large graphs with minimal additional resource overhead, addressing a key bottleneck in quantum-enhanced graph optimization problems. By mapping graph structures to GBS via adjustable squeezing and linear optics, the team mitigates degradation from imperfect squeezing, a persistent challenge in real-world quantum photonic systems. This advancement could accelerate quantum advantage in combinatorial optimization, particularly for weighted graph problems where classical algorithms struggle with exponential complexity.
Displaced Gaussian Boson Sampling for enhanced max-clique search

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Quantum Physics arXiv:2605.27522 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 26 May 2026] Title:Displaced Gaussian Boson Sampling for enhanced max-clique search Authors:Ewan Mer, Zhenghao Li, Shang Yu, Ian A. Walmsley, Raj B. Patel View a PDF of the paper titled Displaced Gaussian Boson Sampling for enhanced max-clique search, by Ewan Mer and 3 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Gaussian Boson Sampling (GBS) is capable of solving certain classes of graph problems owing to the samples produced by such a device having a connection to the hafnian matrix function. In particular, a GBS device has been shown to provide an enhancement in the search of cliques -- or complete subgraphs -- in undirected weighted graphs over classical algorithms. A graph can be mapped to a GBS experiment by configuring the squeezing parameters of the input states and programming the linear optical network. In practice, limited squeezing and photon loss degrade the performance of the GBS device for max-clique search. In comparison, coherent states -- often considered a classical resource due to their Poissonian statistics -- can be readily prepared across many modes using an attenuated laser. In this paper, we report an enhancement of the success rate of GBS in finding maximum weighted cliques by adding displacements under lossy conditions or when a limited amount of squeezing is available. Moreover, we report that this enhancement can be scaled up to large graphs with limited resource overheads. Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2605.27522 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2605.27522v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.27522 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Ewan Mer Mr. [view email] [v1] Tue, 26 May 2026 18:00:21 UTC (1,380 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Displaced Gaussian Boson Sampling for enhanced max-clique search, by Ewan Mer and 3 other authorsView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-05 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)

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Source: arXiv Quantum Physics