I am so curious about that if Quantum computers are used in real, why don't they defeat the systems using classic cryptography
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QCs are not advanced enough yet to attack ay classical encryption used in practice besides the fact that some encryption schemes are quantum proof. Also riddle me this - what kind of activity pattern is it when a 4 year old account with no prior activity suddenly activates only to make one random barely coherent post? I know that basic logical gates were developed already - if someone wants to defeat that kind of classic cryptography, he can make the corresponding quantum board. What we call a gate in QCs is nothing like classical logical gates. It's a physical interaction between two particles or particle-like things. This interaction has a significant rate of failure. The particles preserving their state between interactions also have significant rate of failure. Number of particles in an isolated quantum system is limited by their failures and our contemporary engineering limitations. Once you have any failure in a logical qubit during circuit execution your whole calculation has failed and for big enough circuits that could perform useful computations that failure probability is so close to 1 that it might as well be said to be 1. Quantum algorithms have seen several significant breakthroughs recently, pushing the boundaries of what quantum computers can achieve. Here are some of the latest advancements and key insights from Redditors: Unified Framework: Researchers have been developing a unified framework for quantum algorithms called Quantum Singular Value Transform (QSVT) and Quantum Signal Processing (QSP). "Well you have the famous ones like Shor, then Grover for search. Recently there have been several advances towards making a unified framework for quantum algorithms called Quantum Singular Value Transform (QSVT) and Quantum Signal Processing (QSP)." Applications in Chemistry and Materials: Hamiltonian simulation algorithms, such as the Suzuki-Trotter method, have direct applications in quantum chemistry, drug discovery, and materials discovery. "On the other hand you have the Hamiltonian simulation family of algorithms (Suzuki Trotter to begin with) which have direct applications to quantum chemistry, drug discovery and materials discovery among others." Explosion of Work: There has been a significant increase in research and development in Quantum Error Correcting Codes, especially from companies like IBM. "A less popularly known but nevertheless very active field of research is Quantum Error Correcting Codes which has seen an explosion of work in the last few years, especially from companies like IBM." Exponential Speedup: A new quantum algorithm called Gaussian Boson Sampling has shown exponential speedup versus Monte Carlo simulation for Gaussian estimators. "A couple of days ago I saw a talk by a researcher that showcased a new quantum algorithm that shows exponential speedup vs Monte Carlo simulation. It's called Gaussian Boson Sampling and it works on the class of problems known as Gaussian estimators." Enabling Universal Quantum Algorithms: Scientists have achieved magic state distillation on logical qubits, which is crucial for enabling universal quantum algorithms. "Scientists at QuEra have, for the first time ever, performed magic state distillation—a critical process for enabling meaningful quantum computation—on logical qubits." Data Transfer Breakthrough: Researchers at the University of Oxford built a scalable quantum supercomputer capable of quantum teleportation, which allows for the transfer of quantum information between two points using entanglement and classical information. "We did, for data. No matter is being moved. From my shit understanding it allows quantum processors to be linked together so they can technically work as one." Google's Breakthrough: Google's Quantum AI achieved the first verifiable quantum advantage with their Quantum Echoes algorithm, which ran 13,000 times faster than the world's most powerful supercomputer. "Google's Quantum AI just achieved something historic: the first verifiable quantum advantage." These breakthroughs highlight the rapid progress in quantum algorithms and their potential to revolutionize various fields. However, challenges remain, and the practical applications of quantum computing are still some years away. <