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Certification of quantum properties with imperfect measurements

arXiv Quantum Physics
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⚡ Quantum Brief
Researchers from Barcelona and Italy introduced a new method to certify quantum state properties while accounting for real-world experimental flaws like shot noise and measurement imperfections. The framework extends confidence regions to include systematic errors. The approach uses convex optimization to bound quantum function values, providing rigorous certification even when measurement control is imperfect. This addresses a critical gap in quantum characterization protocols. Explicit formulas quantify noise from finite statistics and estimate measurement imperfection effects, enabling precise error budgeting in experiments. The method combines statistical and systematic uncertainties for the first time. Applications span quantum computing, sensing, and communication, where reliable state certification is essential. The technique could accelerate practical deployment of quantum technologies by improving experimental validation. The work builds on prior certification methods but uniquely integrates both statistical fluctuations and systematic biases into a unified framework. It was published in January 2026.
Certification of quantum properties with imperfect measurements

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Quantum Physics arXiv:2601.16570 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 23 Jan 2026] Title:Certification of quantum properties with imperfect measurements Authors:Leonardo Zambrano, Teodor Parella-Dilmé, Antonio Acín, Donato Farina View a PDF of the paper titled Certification of quantum properties with imperfect measurements, by Leonardo Zambrano and 3 other authors View PDF Abstract:The accurate characterization of quantum systems is essential for the advancement of quantum technologies. In particular, certifying convex functions of quantum states plays a central role in many applications. We present a certification method for experimentally prepared quantum states that accounts for both shot noise and measurement imperfections in the data-acquisition stage. Building upon previous work, our method extends confidence regions to accommodate imperfect control over measurements. The values of the functions can then be bounded using convex optimization techniques. We provide explicit prescriptions for quantifying the noise contribution from finite statistics and for estimating the effect of measurement imperfections. By jointly incorporating statistical and systematic errors, the method yields a robust certification framework for quantum experiments. Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2601.16570 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2601.16570v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2601.16570 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Leonardo Zambrano [view email] [v1] Fri, 23 Jan 2026 09:15:11 UTC (116 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Certification of quantum properties with imperfect measurements, by Leonardo Zambrano and 3 other authorsView PDFTeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-01 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) Links to Code Toggle Papers with Code (What is Papers with Code?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)

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Source: arXiv Quantum Physics