Beyond the Lorenz Gauge: Probing a Stueckelberg Scalar in the Electric Aharonov-Bohm Effect
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Quantum Physics arXiv:2605.08148 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 3 May 2026] Title:Beyond the Lorenz Gauge: Probing a Stueckelberg Scalar in the Electric Aharonov-Bohm Effect Authors:Renato Vieira dos Santos View a PDF of the paper titled Beyond the Lorenz Gauge: Probing a Stueckelberg Scalar in the Electric Aharonov-Bohm Effect, by Renato Vieira dos Santos View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:The electric Aharonov-Bohm effect -- a time-dependent scalar potential imparting a measurable phase shift on electrons in a region free of electromagnetic fields -- has never been experimentally tested in its original formulation with shielded, time-dependent potentials. This unexplored regime offers a rare opportunity: the Lorenz condition $\partial_\mu A^\mu = 0$, a choice that eliminates a scalar degree of freedom from the electromagnetic potential, may not be the last word. If the Stueckelberg scalar $B = \partial_\mu A^\mu$ survives as a physical field and couples to matter, it would produce a phase shift with a distinctive $1-\cos(\omega T)$ signature -- orthogonal to the standard $\sin(\omega T)$ and separable by a frequency sweep even if both contributions coexist. We propose a measurement protocol based on single-electron interferometry with picosecond time resolution, within reach of current technology. The experiment asks a question that has lingered since 1959: is the Lorenz gauge a matter of convenience, or a matter of principle? Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2605.08148 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2605.08148v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.08148 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Submission history From: Renato Vieira Dos Santos [view email] [v1] Sun, 3 May 2026 14:21:32 UTC (15 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Beyond the Lorenz Gauge: Probing a Stueckelberg Scalar in the Electric Aharonov-Bohm Effect, by Renato Vieira dos SantosView PDFHTML (experimental)TeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-05 Change to browse by: hep-ph References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)