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Agreement and Compatibility in Wigner's Friend Paradox

arXiv Quantum Physics
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⚡ Quantum Brief
Researchers Julio C. F. Silva, B. F. Rizzuti, and Cristhiano Duarte challenge the paradoxical nature of Wigner’s Friend, proposing a Bayesian interpretation that eliminates contradictions between observer descriptions in the classic quantum thought experiment. The study reframes the paradox as an inference problem, arguing that neither classical nor quantum descriptions inherently conflict when analyzed through probabilistic reasoning, effectively dissolving the paradox. A key finding highlights "compatibility and agreement" as central to resolving the paradox, revealing previously overlooked aspects of how observers reconcile differing quantum measurements. By extending the original setup with a "benefit of the doubt" principle, the team shows that Wigner and his Friend’s descriptions can align—if both observers remain open to updating their beliefs. The paper counters the trend of focusing on multi-party extensions, instead demonstrating that the paradox’s core can be resolved within the original two-observer framework.
Agreement and Compatibility in Wigner's Friend Paradox

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Quantum Physics arXiv:2605.27424 (quant-ph) [Submitted on 19 May 2026] Title:Agreement and Compatibility in Wigner's Friend Paradox Authors:Julio C. F. Silva, B. F. Rizzuti, Cristhiano Duarte View a PDF of the paper titled Agreement and Compatibility in Wigner's Friend Paradox, by Julio C. F. Silva and 2 other authors View PDF Abstract:There has been an upsurge of interest in the consequences for quantum physics of the so-called Wigner's Friend Paradox. In its original formulation, the paradox has been turned inside out, and virtually every aspect of it has been looked into. Consequently, it is becoming widely accepted that we can find the potentially puzzling consequences of Wigner's thought experiment only in light of its many-parties extensions. Nonetheless, this contribution returns to the source. Reframing the question as an inference problem, we advance a radically Bayesian interpretation that shows no contradiction between Wigner's and Wigner's Friend's descriptions-neither classically nor quantumly. Therefore, with no paradoxical conclusion. In doing so, we flesh out and expose previously untouched aspects of Winger's thought experiment, in particular, the fact that compatibility and agreement are fundamental to our understanding of it. Also, by conservatively extending Wigner's original setup and incorporating what we call the 'benefit of the doubt', we see how either Wigner's or his Friend's description can be driven to match one another's -- an impossibility if either agent does not keep an open mind. Comments: Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) MSC classes: 81P15 Cite as: arXiv:2605.27424 [quant-ph] (or arXiv:2605.27424v1 [quant-ph] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.27424 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Submission history From: Bruno Rizzuti [view email] [v1] Tue, 19 May 2026 21:19:51 UTC (52 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Agreement and Compatibility in Wigner's Friend Paradox, by Julio C. F. Silva and 2 other authorsView PDFTeX Source view license Current browse context: quant-ph new | recent | 2026-05 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADSGoogle Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)

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Source: arXiv Quantum Physics